Peleg Tallman [b.1764-d.1841]

 

 

The photo above is not that of Peleg Tallman. As a matter of fact this stone is not at Forest Hills Cemetery, either. 

Three reasons for showing this stone is that [1] the ship carved on it is the USS Trumball,[2] Tallman served on board this ship in 1780 and [3] Mr. Tallman never sat for his portrait to be painted. His stone at Forest Hills is rather worn and I need something in this space to catch your attention.

This photo which I took is of the gravestone of Lt. Jabez Smith Jr. of the US Marines who died of injuries during fighting against a British ship on board the USS Trumball and he is buried at The Granary Burial Ground in Boston. During that same action Tallman was severely injured. More about that later.

First, let me make you aware that this will be one long post. So if you're up to it get a snack, a cup of tea, or, if you're not up to a long post, maybe, find something else to do.

All of that said let me tell you about Peleg Tallman. [Pronounced: Pell-leg, I think.]

Born in Tiverton, RI on July 24, 1764, his name Peleg was a popular one among pious people of that area. Taken from the Old Testament, Peleg was one of the two sons of Eber and it's meaning is a watercourse. Quite descriptive of one whose life would be so connected to the sea.

Peleg's mother died when he was just 8 years of age. Four years later his father, Peleg Sr., remarried and it would seem that he would never receive the Father of the Year Award. At the age of 12 Peleg Jr. was left to fend for himself. The year was 1776 and Peleg did what so many boys who had no trade did, he went to sea.

The American Navy was non-existent at this time so privateers began running out of American ports all along the East Coast to capture British ships [or at least try to]. Any ship that could carry a few guns made the attempt.

Peleg served on board one of these privateers the sloop Beaver and they were able to capture a few British merchant ships. He next served on board the privateer Rover which was captured by the 64 gun HMS Reasonable. Very reasonable to expect a 64 gun ship to capture a sloop, I guess. He along with his ship were taken into Halifax and he was obliged to serve on board British ships for some time. He managed to escape near Penobscot, Maine while with a work party on shore. He walked back to Boston. You must realize that this was a boy of about 14, at the time.

He was soon on board another privateer the Rattlesnake which, also, was outgunned. This time it would be 2 British men-of-war and they ran the Rattlesnake ashore. Peleg managed to jump overboard and escape. The ship was burned by the British. Again, walking and this time from New Jersey.
Peleg, reached New London where he went on board the USS Trumball. This ship was one of the first 6 ships built for the US Navy.
The year is, now, 1780 and unlike the privateers Trumball carried 28 guns. And our Peleg was a seasoned sailor who stood out among the "green" hands on board.
Trumball ran the British blockade of New London and on June 2nd spotted the British privateer Watt of 36 guns. In what has been described as the most intense sea battle of the Revolutionary War one that lasted for almost 3 hours, the American ship was not defeated. Didn't win but did leave the Watt a wreck floating away from the scene of battle. Trumball's main mast was shot away and she was unable to pursue the British ship.
Watt had 92 killed or wounded while Trumball had 39. Peleg Tallman was given command of the 2 after guns at the height of the battle and it was there that he was severely wounded.
Grapeshot [a type of shrapnel] was fired at Peleg's position and it tore his left arm off at the shoulder. How he survived the trip back to Boston is nothing short of a medical miracle but he did.
He was treated in Boston by Dr. Joseph Gardner and in 6 months Peleg was ready to go to sea, again.

On board a privateer of 16 guns which had no success in capturing British ships, Peleg returned to Boston and went on board another privateer of 20 guns. This ship, also, had no success at sea except to be captured by HMS Recovery.
Peleg and his crew-mates were taken to Kingsale, Ireland and "...hove into a loathsome prison...". Many months later they were transferred to Fortune prison in England and spent several months there until the peace in 1783. According to Peleg more than "...half of the prisoners died of smallpox and other disorders."

Years later Peleg Tallman wrote about his release... "The prison was cleared of its contents, and we were sent over to Havre, in France, and there landed naked as we were. We had no means of getting to America from there. I, with six others, walked through France, down to Nantz, I believe about 400 miles. We there got a passage on board a ship bound to Philadelphia, and there--pray, sir, look at my condition-- I was landed in the rags I stood in, without friends and only one arm, and knew not where to get a meal of victuals."
Peleg: "However, I made the best of my way to Boston and called on my old friend Dr. [Joseph] Gardner...".
When Peleg returned from his imprisonment in 1783 the only one that he could turn to was the doctor. Dr. Gardner realized that Peleg was someone quite capable. So, before Peleg could have returned to sea the doctor sent him to Maine to check on the doctor's extensive property holdings there. This was in 1785 and thus began a relationship that would start this one armed young man on a career that led to his becoming one of the most successful men in Maine.

Dr. Gardner had a merchant ship built and put Peleg in as the Master. In this capacity he served for three years until the death of Dr. Gardner. He purchased half interest in the ship and continued as Master until 1791 when he sold his interest in it. For the next 8 years he commanded ships to India and other distant ports.
He had received a commission as Lieutenant in the US Navy and would have served on board the newly launched USS Constitution [Old Ironsides] if he had accepted it. But Peleg was happy where he was and returned it with his regrets.
That commission would be the only time that a seriously disabled private citizen was given such a position.

He married Eleanor Clarke on June 15, 1790 and their marriage would last 51 years. A sum of years extraordinary by most of today's standards. They settled in Bath, Maine on land Peleg bought from his father-in-law. This land fronted on the Kennebec River and he would build a wharf, there. He began his shipbuilding business across from his home on Front Street [now Oak Street]. He would, eventually, own a fleet of 18 vessels. Bath, ME in the 19th century was producing more wooden ships than any other city in the world. At one time there were 40 ships under construction, along the Kennebec River.The home was torn down in the early 20th century and the land is, now, a public park.

By 1801 Peleg Tallman was involved in politics in the Democratic Party. In served in the Massachusetts Legislature in the years 1801 through 1807. At that time Maine was a part of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts and would remain so until 1820.
He went on to represent the Lincoln District of Maine in the 12th Congress in Washington from 1811-1813.
Like many in New England he was opposed to the war with England in 1812. Like so many wars the one in 1812 was not only wrong-headed but dumb. Granted that most merchants in the area opposed war with England because it would [and did] destroy their shipping business.
I've been sitting, here, at the keyboard for awhile wondering if I should go off on a rant about the war many believe the 1812 Overturewas written for. Well, they play it at the fireworks at the Fourth of July concert on the Esplanade, don't they?
OK, OK, I'll spare you that one for another time.

Well, speaking of July 4th, in 1831 Bath, ME celebrated the day and Peleg Tallman hosted a grand banquet on his property. A few veterans of the Revolutionary War were in attendance and Peleg was proclaimed as "..one who has bled for his country."
Wealthy and generous, owning property in Maine, Boston, and Rhode Island, Peleg was "..not known to be a man of piety..". He did give generously to several area churches, though. His wife, Eleanor, who lies beside him at Forest Hills was pious to a fault. Many "religious" and missionary organizations were always buzzing around this wife of a very wealthy man for donations. She gave without Peleg's knowing, most of the times.
In his will he forbade any of his money being used for such causes. Somehow, though, Eleanor managed to continue giving. There is an account of one "religious" outfit who Eleanor hired to supply her with a few gold watches as gifts for her grandchildren. She paid for gold and got brass.
I feel that to emphasize her beliefs I should quote from a letter that she wrote to Peleg in 1836. "Could I but see you making any preparation for that world to which we are fast hastening, how it would rejoice my heart."
There is no reply, extant, but his love for Eleanor would cause him to save the letter.

Years at sea and many in command of ships along with his difficult, early history had made Peleg somewhat "..rough and tyrannical..". He was not without compassion as his personnel account books attest. Many are the entries for individuals and families who were generously assisted by him.

Peleg remained active to the end of his life. Six weeks after making his last entry in his cash account book, he died at the age of 76 on the 8th of March, 1841.

I should begin wrapping this post up, now. But a few items that need mentioning need to be mentioned.
One of his daughters married into the Gardiner [not Gardner, as in Dr. Joseph Gardner] of Gardiner, Maine and members of that family are next to Tallman. I began this search for information on that family and discovered Peleg Tallman. Asphodel Path is where you will find the Tallmans. Their part of the lot [it's all one lot] is overshadowed by the Gardiner monument, so look for that one. To find Asphodel Path find Mount Warren, first. On the right of the Warren lot [large puddingstone boulder] you will find a set of stairs, down, to the first terracing. The steps are rustic which means watch your step. At the bottom turn to the right and on the left you'll see the Gardiner monument.

The Tallmans were buried, originally in the Maple Grove Cemetery in Bath. His daughter, Caroline Gardiner, made the decision to move them to Forest Hills Cemetery in November of 1865 to the recently purchased Gardiner lot.
Many of the "Residents" of Forest Hills have been moved, some many times. I might do a posting on that issue, alone, in the future.

I have tried to do justice to the life of this courageous, brave, intelligent man but there is so much more to him. My words and ramblings, I hope, will lead some to look for more on Peleg Tallman. Again, I believe, the proper pronunciation is: Pell-leg. Any who know of a different pronunciation please inform this writer.
More information is available through, at least, 2 privately printed pieces of Peleg Tallman. One is by William M. Emery printed in 1935: "Honorable Peleg Tallman-1764-1841". This was available at the New England Historical and Genealogical Society's website: newenglandancestors.org The other is by Walter Henry Sturtevant in 1899: "Sailor of the Revolution,Master Mariner and Member of Congress." read before the Maine Historical Society on March 31st, 1899: https://ia802205.us.archive.org/29/items/pelegtallmansail00stur/pelegtallmansail00stur_bw.pdf This link should take you to the U.S. archives site; if not please remember that if I was a real blogger I could make the links work. You have to remember I'm just some guy with a computer who has a lot information about Forest Hills Cemetery. I like the archive link ‘cause it’s a copy of the original publication. Also, what there is to like is the U.S. archive site is NOT apt to go away… if it does… well, you won’t be looking up stuff on your electronic device anyways.

One more! Asphodel Path is named for a flower [as all the paths are named] that was used by the ancients for plantings by the tombs of loved ones. Some believed that the dead preferred the Asphodel as food.  Strange. Maybe, just the roots, I don't know.
This is a description of what the flower looks like: http://www.botanical.com/botanical/mgmh/a/aspho080.html  I couldn't find a good site to link to for a picture. You can find a pictureonline , though.

Please inform your not so humble writer if any of the links do not work or you have any other concerns. 

Thanks for staying with this. Any who have been out with me on the grounds of Forest Hills Cemetery on a Sunday afternoon tour know that I love to share what I have discovered and that I have difficulty wrapping things up….. blah, blah, blah…….
We have so many more interesting "Residents" at the "Ol' Boneyard" that are not known as well as the Top Forty you always hear or read about. I will try to inform you on as many of these as I can in the near future.... Your Boston Correspondent, Al Maze.

William Dawes Jr. - FOUND!

 

The photo on the right, [click on picture for enlargement] taken from the internment book at Forest Hills Cemetery, should settle the case of where William Dawes, Jr. [1745-1799] is buried.

This was hand written in 1882 when tomb #131 at the Central Burying Ground was emptied and the persons buried within where removed to Forest Hills Cemetery. Proof that Dawes, his wife Mehitable May, and 15 others of the May family made their journey from the Boston Common graveyard seems not enough.

But let me backup a little at this point.

Some may ask who the heck is William Dawes, Jr.? The answer would be that Dawes made a ride the same night as Paul Revere's well known ride on the 18th of April, 1775, on the same mission, and sent by the same person [Forest Hills' own Joseph Warren]. He, also, began his ride before Revere and went by way of Roxbury Neck [the only land route in or out of Boston, at that time].

Joseph Warren headed the Boston Committee of Safety which was instituted to keep watch on the activities of the occupying British forces. Overheard conversations of British officers and soldiers indicated that they, very soon, where planning to move their forces into the countryside. The colonists had begun stockpiling ammunition and weapons for a coming confrontation with a steadily growing belligerent British army. Besides capturing the arms, British forces wanted to arrest Samuel Adams and John Hancock, then in Concord. These two important leaders of the colonists would then be transported to England to be tried for treason. We can be sure that they would have been found guilty and, also, be sure that they would not have received probation and a warning.

William Dawes was an important member of the Sons of Liberty. Earlier he had smuggled two brass cannons out of Boston without the British commander's knowledge. He would, also, pretend to have drank too much and be passed out at a tavern where British soldiers where drinking. He would then listen to their conversations for any military information that would be useful to the Committee of Safety. His ability to leave Boston, to begin his ride to Concord, when Boston was being sealed off to prevent word of the actions of the British spreading is informative of Dawes ingenuity. So many times had he rode out over Roxbury Neck posing as a farmer and a tipsy one, I might add, that the Redcoats guarding the Neck knew him. They felt him harmless and let him pass.
Much has been made of Revere's ride and too little of Dawes. But, they where not the only ones out that night. The countryside was ready for any action by the Redcoats, they had planned for this for some time. As soon as word arrived that, "The Regulars are out!" church bells began ringing, bonfires were lit, and other riders sped to nearby communities to call out the Minute Men. That's why they were called Minute Men, they could be ready in minute's notice. Today, we have missiles that are called Minute Men that do not work a lot of the time. Luckily the real Minute Men did do what they were intended for.

Dawes reached Lexington shortly after Revere. The route being longer for Dawes as he rode through Roxbury, Brookline, Cambridge [Harvard Square], what is now Arlington, and into Lexington. Neither men ever reached Concord that night. Upon leaving Lexington after warning Adams and Hancock they met on the road with Dr. Samuel Prescott. Being "... a warm patriot..." Prescott decided to join in turning out the countryside all the way up to Concord. The three men were soon stopped by a British patrol. Dawes rode off in one direction, Prescott in another. Dawes was thrown from his horse and walked back to Lexington. Prescott was the one who reached Concord that night.

So, why did Revere get so much credit for that night? Well, he was a highly regarded Patriot and did much more than that single ride. I refer you to "Paul Revere and the World He Lived In" by Esther Forbes. There are more recent books than her's but her's is so much more interesting.
Two things helped Revere receive so much credit: 1.. he wrote 3 depositions of his ride [Dawes, none], and 2.. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow.
Longfellow was a great poet [we could use a few, today] but not much of an historian. At the start of the Civil War he wanted to write a patriotic poem to help with recruiting soldiers for the Union. He came upon Revere's depositions and the rest is, as is said, history [or not]. Let me mention a couple inaccuracies. "...I on the opposite shore shall be...". No. Revere was in Boston and it was his idea for the lanterns. He didn't need them to tell him about British movements. Midnight Ride? No. Dawes was sent out before 10 o'clock and Revere a short time later.
Dr. Samuel Prescott was out late that night visiting his fiancee when he met Dawes and Revere. Later in the war he will die as a prisoner of war of the British.

Dawes was not completely forgotten by poets. In 1896 Century Magazine published this written by Helen Moor [or Moore] ......... Ahem!

I am a wandering, bitter shade,
Never of me was a hero made;
Poets have never sung my praise,
Nobody crowned my brow with bays;
And if you ask me the fatal cause.
I answer only, "My name is Dawes."

'Tis all very well for the children to hear
Of the midnight ride of Paul Revere;
But why should my name be quite forgot,
Who rode as boldly and Well, God Wot?
Why should I ask? The reason is clear-
My name was Dawes and his Revere.

When the lights from the Old North Church flashed out,
Paul Revere was waiting about,
But I was already on my way.
The shadows of night fell cold and gray
As I rode without a break or a pause;
But what was the use when my name was Dawes!

History rings with his silvery name;
Closed to me are the portals of fame.
Had he been Dawes and I Revere,
No one had heard of him, I fear.
No one has heard of me because
He was Revere and I was Dawes.

A good friend of mine, who I consider one of Boston's Best Tour Guides, has said that Revere gets a city named for him and Dawes gets a traffic island in Harvard Square.



Dawes returned to being an affable fellow and moved to Marlborough to set up a grocery. His wife Mehitable [May] Dawes bore them six children. Of these six, one died at less than two years off age another at about three years. Mehitable died in 1793 and was buried in her family's lot at the Central Burying Ground. Dawes’ son, William, Jr. lived to be eighty five and had moved to Ohio as a young man. This is where you will find descendants of our William, today. They have a website http://www.wmdawes.org
While we in Boston, generally, do not know this homegrown patriot, we have him "buried" at the King's Chapel Burying Ground on Tremont Street, downtown, the good folks out in Ohio honor this man and his connections to history. You'll see at King's Chapel the brass plaque placed there in 1899 by the Sons of the Revolution [by way of Wikipedia]/wiki/W: http://en.wikipedia.orgilliam_Dawes

Nice try you Sons of the Revolution but you got the father: William Dawes. Dawes Jr. had been buried with  his first wife, Mehitable, over in the May family lot about one hundred years before your plaque placing. Sorry. But you do have everyone believing that Dawes Jr. is there. "Well, there's a plaque there and By Golly those plaques don't lie." say tour books, lots of tour guides, King's Chapel, National Park Service, and, also, the Boston Globe which, by the way, printed an article about my discovery three years ago. www.boston.com/news/local/massachusetts/articles/2007/02/25/whos_buried_in_dawe
I'm not sure if this link works, as a matter of fact, I'm not sure if any of my links work. I'm not a real blogger, I'm just one who has been asked to blog.

So, where was I??

Dawes' younger sister, Lydia, married a Col. John Coolidge in 1772. That would make the Dawes family in a genealogical line with President Calvin Coolidge. Better yet, Coolidge's vice-president was Charles Gates Dawes, whose great-grand father was our William Dawes Jr. Personally, I wish it was a better presidential duo than those.

More oddities: during WWII a Liberty Ship was named for our Dawes Jr. and it was sunk by the Japanese off of New Zealand. Another William Dawes a Captain in the Royal Marines did surveying in that area of the Pacific in 1788. He, also, was wounded in 1781 in fighting against America while on a British ship.

I could go on and on and I wonder if anyone is left at this point?

If you are still there let me know what you think of this rambling.

Thanks, Your Boston Correspondent.... Al Maze. 

Henry Alexander Scammell Dearborn [1783-1851]

   
                                                                                                [copyright Maine Historical Society]

                                                                                                                                                                                                                              

   I realize that writing about Henry A. S. Dearborn and doing the man justice, in this blog, is a very difficult task that I've set for myself. Dearborn was not someone whose life can be told in a few paragraphs. He was a  renaissance man, a true visionary, an honest politician, a promoter of the common good for all citizens, a believer in the potential greatness of America and one who worked his entire life to help achieve that potential. He, also, was the creator of one of the most beautiful, planned spaces in America… Forest Hills Cemetery. 

     Forest Hills Cemetery would be his life's last accomplishment. Having planned and laid out Mount Auburn Cemetery in 1831as both a cemetery and an experimental garden, in Cambridge, Massachusetts, Dearborn was ultimately disappointed. Both from lack of enough private funding and opposition from lot owners at Mount Auburn to the creation of an experimental garden, there, he ended his involvement with that cemetery.

    Dearborn was born in Exeter, NH on March 3, 1783 to Henry and Dorcas Dearborn. The family traced their beginnings in America to Godfrey Dearborn's 1638 arrival in Massachusetts Bay Colony. He moved to Hampton, NH and died there in 1668. Henry A. S. Dearborn's father, fifth generation Dearborn, was born there in 1751. More about his father in a later post.

    The son was encouraged to become a lawyer. President Jefferson was among those who thought that he should. Dearborn, after opening a law office in 1807 in Portland, ME, realized that he did not want to make a living taking money from many who could not afford his services. Instead, he wanted to be giving something to people and not taking. President Jefferson appointed him to the Boston customhouse as a favor to Dearborn senior who was Jefferson's secretary of war. By the way until the end of WWII  the Secretary of War was the title of person who is know known as the Secretary of Defense. Saying that we are not going to war we're only defending ourselves is the Pentagon's ultimate spin on war. Now, there I go getting off on a tangent… I knew that would happen sooner or later. I'll try to stay on the subject at hand.

    Like many from Dearborn's generation of well off families whose fathers had fought for independence from England, he wanted to see America become a great nation. He set out to promote public works and establishments that were meant to benefit the new society. As the foremost of the founders of the Massachusetts Horticultural Society [and it's 1st president] Massachusetts Horticultural Society - History he felt that for America to be a great nation it had to include, among other things, a culture that embraced the beauty and importance of nature. 

    Roxbury, Jamaica Plain, Brighton, and Dorchester were separate towns before being annexed to Boston in the later 1800s. Those towns besides being the locations of farms had some large estates. Many owners of those estates styled themselves as "gentlemen farmers"The Era of Gentlemen’s Farms | Winterthur Museum & Library Blog. That is, they experimented with developing new and better strains of flowers, fruits, and trees. Men like that joined Dearborn in the creation of the Horticultural Society, Mount Auburn Cemetery, and later Forest Hills Cemetery. The beginnings of the "Parks Movement" in America can be traced to them. The "Parks Movement"  was in answer to the growing congestion of the cities during the industrial age. As an example, the only public park in Boston, at that time, was the Boston Common and it was the first such in America in 1631.

     The creation of Pere Lachaise cemetery in Paris, France in 1804 would become the inspiration for the “Rural Cemetery” beginning with Mount Auburn in Cambridge. Just as Paris was having difficulty finding space to bury within the city, so did Boston and all large cities in America. Not a unique concept was burying the dead outside the city; the ancients practiced that for centuries. Retro will always be fashionable when people forget the past.

    Ralph Waldo Emerson Ralph Waldo Emerson wrote in the 1836  essay "Nature" an espousal that nature needed to become part of man's everyday life. With the force of the natural world man had a divine learning tool that harnessed and nourished one's intelligence. Henry David Thoreau Henry David Thoreau believed and wrote that the protection of the wilderness [nature] is the preservation of the world. Their thinking led to the realization of the importance of the natural world that the industrial age was beginning to devour [and continues to, today].

     As stated above, Dearborn was a visionary who saw that railroads were needed to connect New England to New York and beyond to the Great Lakes. He, also,  saw these railroads one day connecting the eastern portion of America to the Pacific Coast. Not only did he foresee these events but worked to make them happen. The Hoosac Tunnel THE HOOSAC TUNNEL.—Scribner's—December, 1870 was originally proposed by Dearborn as early as 1825 to pass under the Berkshires for the use of rail traffic from Boston to reach the Hudson River. Some called him "..an idiot." as the task would be impossible. Well the tunnel was dug and is still in use, today. Unlike some more recent tunneling, hereabouts, the Hoosac didn't begin to fall apart before it opened, or since.

     Dearborn didn’t do the actual digging of the Hoosac Tunnel but he did the actual planning and much of the planting of Mount Auburn and Forest Hills cemeteries. A labor of love for he knew he was creating something beautiful for the public. His ideal was the English country garden with the varied landscape and seeming natural plantings. He, also, was creating with Forest Hills a democratic cemetery; one that would be affordable to all classes of society whether rich or not. There would be space for single graves as well as the more expensive family sites.

     He was the mayor of Roxbury when he and his good friend and fellow landscaper, Daniel Brims, began the work of sculpting the initial 71 acres of Forest Hills Cemetery. As natural as Forest Hills appears, today, the grounds were sculpted. Dearborn chose the Seavern’s farm as the site for the new cemetery because of the  terrain. There were hills, meadows, ponds, stands of trees, with many outcroppings of the ubiquitous Roxbury Puddingstone. Much of that stone can be seen in the office, chapel, gate, and the terracing of Mount Warren. ANCIENT SOUVENIRS: Discovering Roxbury Puddingstone in Dorchester | Dorchester Reporter  I’ve included this link to describe Roxbury Puddingstone. There is so much BS out there about that stone but James Hobin explains quite well what and where it is.  Anyways, where was I? He, Dearborn that is, used that natural palate as an artist would use a painter’s palate to create what we see, today. Thousands of trees were planted. Many local varieties of trees and many imported ones enriched the grounds. At least one “witness-tree” [one that remains from the initial plantings] can be seen at the intersection of White Oak and Willow Avenues. That Red Oak is a little battered but still stands.. at least when I was last there. Hills were terraced to allow for level burial spaces with stones and roots removed to make the ground easier to access. The terracing is an excellent example of dry stone work. Dry stone work is the use of balance and the fitting of stones without a binding material. The nineteen century still had workers who could do this type of wall and terrace building. The best examples of terracing can be found on Mount Warren. Any concrete patching you’ll find, there, is a more modern fix. Consider that after 166 years the terracing still holds.

     Not only was the cemetery a final resting place but a place for all to come to to escape the city. The 19th century city was crowded and noisy with air not fit for breathing. There were no public parks. Boston had the Boston Common but that was in the center of town and not conducive to peace and quiet. Dearborn wanted to create, along with the cemetery, a place for people to come to for contemplation. A place for rejuvenation, a return to nature, a quiet place to escape to. So popular did Forest Hills become that by the end of the century admittance on Sundays was limited to lot owners, only. A practice, I’m sure, Dearborn would never have allowed had he lived that long. 

     So, with two “Garden” cemeteries to his credit I have thought that Dearborn preferred Forest Hills to Mount Auburn. The reason I believe that lies in the fact he had his parents removed from the Cambridge cemetery and interred in the Roxbury cemetery [Roxbury is now a neighborhood of Boston]. His mother is interment #1 followed by dear old dad at # 2. More about “dad” in a later posting. 

     I’m sure that I will be adding to this less than adequate description of Henry Alexander Scammell Dearborn in the future… so, as they say, stay tuned and if the crick don’t rise there will be more……...

 

 

 

     

 

     

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

     

     

     

     

 

    

    

 

    

 

    

 

 

 

 

 

 

The year is 1848

Quite a few noteworthy things are happening in America and around the world.

Revolutions are erupting in France, Denmark, Prussia [pre-Germany], Italy [the Pope has to flee Rome], and Switzerland. Most are ruthlessly crushed except in Switzerland. The Swiss will, eventually, create the first democratic state in Europe.

In America the war with Mexico ends with America victorious. California, New Mexico, and most of Colorado, Utah, Nevada, and Arizona are added to the U.S. America is generous to her vanquished foe…. she pays 15 million dollars to Mexico. A very good deal for the victor. Texas comes on board for free [in hindsight, not such a good deal for America].

At Seneca Falls, NY the first woman's convention is held and is well attended by both women and men. Freedom from repressive laws barring women from almost everything is promised.

Wisconsin enters the Union as the 30th state to the delight of Cheese-heads everywhere.

Gold is discovered in California but not announced to the nation until 1849….. not wanting to rush??

In Europe, Marx and Engels are also promising freedom with the publication of their "Communist Manifesto". A few diehards still are waiting.

France frees all slaves in her possessions. America resists such impulses in her southern half.

In more news from France, King Louis-Phillipe abdicates and the Second Republic is declared. Louis-Phillipe will spend some of his exile living in Boston above the Union Oyster House. As the practice of stashing cash is not yet in vogue Louis is broke. He teaches French to wealthy Bostonians to pay for his meals at the Oyster House. 

The presidential election of 1848 sees Zachary Taylor elected in the first US election where everyone gets to vote on the same day. But not everyone gets to vote yet, of course. Old "Rough and Ready", hero of the Mexican War, died 16 months after his election at the age of 66. Though owning slave plantations in several southern states Taylor was opposed to the expansion of slavery in those new territories. Vice-president Millard Fillmore became president on the death of Taylor.

Here in Boston the Boston Public Library has it's beginnings. The first large free lending library opens to the public. Books may be borrowed and taken home, for free. Proclaimed above the doors, to this day, is the BPL's motto "Free to All". George Ticknor [a Forest Hills Resident] put forth the idea of a free lending library in 1826.

Elizabeth Blackwell, sister-in-law to Lucy Stone [another Resident], receives the first medical degree earned by an American woman.

Needing medical attention and receiving some, Phineas Gage a railroad foreman in Vermont, survives an horrendous explosion. Seems while setting black powder a spark sent the 3 foot long tamping rod completely through his head. The rod landed 80 feet away. Mr. Gage lived for another 12 years. The rod and his skull can be seen at the Warren [more "Residents"] Museum at the Harvard Medical School in Boston. Amazing story that you'll have to look up.

Samuel Gregory [Resident] establishes, in Boston, what he calls the Female Medical Educational Society. Claiming the organization teaches medicine he was not doing much more than training midwives. The school becomes a real medical training facility when it is incorporated into Boston University.

In music in 1848 Jules Perrot's "Faust" opened at La Scala in Milan. Mr. Perrot played the role of Mephistopheles. 

More on the Devil: Richard Wagner begins writing notes for what will become  the four opera "The Ring of the Nibelung". He has to flee Dresden when revolution erupts. His nationalistic politics brings an arrest warrant for him. But, eventually, a future ruler [Adolph Hitler] would proclaim Wagner the greatest German composer. Who can forget "Apocalypse, Now" with Wagner's "The Ride of the Valkyries" and Robert Duvall's, "I love the smell of Napalm in the morning".

On a much lighter note the peaceful and uplifting Shaker song "Simple Gifts" is written in America by Elder Joseph Brackett.

In births for 1848:  the so-called lawman Wyatt Earp, the artist Paul Gauguin, stain-glass creator extrodinaire [among other talents] Louis Comfort Tiffany, outlaw, bushwhacker, Belle Starr [Myra Maybelle Shirley… surely you can see why she changed her name]. I'm sure she would never receive a Mother-of-the-Year award as it is believed that she was ambushed and killed by one of her sons.

…and on June the 28th 1848 Forest Hills Cemetery was consecrated…………..